Seonglae ChoThe Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Thomas Kuhn describes this as the stage where scientists solve puzzles within an already accepted paradigm.
The key point is not a “new revolution,” but a focus on:
- refining existing theories,
- improving measurement,
- explaining anomalies, and
- solving detailed, specific problems.
One of Kuhn’s major claims is that most of science operates not in a state of “revolution,” but as “normal science.” In other words, most papers are not paradigm-shifting; they optimize and extend work within the existing framework.
