잘 읽히고, 다양한 표현, 지적될 부분 없게 (짧은 문장 no)
시험전 생각: 생각안나면 생각나는 단어 써라. 첫째 글 리스닝 메모 중요하다. 두번째는 주제 벗어나지 않는 선에서 진짜 막 말하기 (혹시 리스닝 부족하게 들었으면 리딩 두문장)
시제, 단수복수, 관사, 시간배분, 얕은 논리로 빨리 적어 내려가야 문법체크 후 fast iteration
단어랑 문장구조 바꿔쓰며 문장 반복, 되면 접속어도 넣기 paraphrasing 품사 바꾸기- 형용사 부사 사이 - 명사와 동사 사이, 대상을 지칭하면 단수 보통은 복수 단수는 관사 꼭 붙여야 a an the (셀수없는 명사는 a redundant로 하고 특정되면 the 특정 안되고 대상 모르면 a, 빈도부사 조뒤비뒤일앞
줄임말 쓰지 말고 다 적기. A, B, and C - and 는 복수 or은 단수, 보통 which보단 that, 사람일때 who. 명사나열 표현 전치사 or
ing, which이용, And but because also or 로 시작하지 말기말 너무 안되지 않는 이상 생각나는 대로 일단 적고 검토하면서 고민파트 나중에 표현들 고치기. 다양한 문장구조는 필요함 템플릿 variation, paraphrase 때문에 억지 어색한 표현 노노
조동사 not 뒤에 원형 조심 cannot, do not ~ 일반 추상명사는 관사없이, 특정 해서는 a 사용
detrimental = harmful
TOEFL Integrated Writing
- Passage types: idea and 3 reasons → against (last sentence of first paragraph is important)
- Supporting a plan, theory or point of view (the advantages of ~)
- Proposing solutions | methods to a problem (problems with the ~)
- feasibility, possibility, reasonable, practical, effective, efficient, rational
- Speculating on the past (evidence suggest a cause for the ~ )
- 거의 무조건 반박이기 때문에 리스닝 예측 하면서 읽기, 각 첫문장은 3가지 reason 하나씩
메모
- 리딩 - 3분, 리스닝 - 2분 리딩과 연결해서 노트테이킹 - 예시까지 자세하게해야 적을수잇다
- 좌우 반으로 나누고 축약 메모 (reading main idea: 주제, listening main idea: 도입)
- 리딩은 3가지 적을거리, 리스닝 이해 위함, 리스닝은 키워드 위주 반박 리스트 많이 메모
R
- M: main idea
- R 1, (detail 화살표)
- R 2, (detail 화살표)
- R 3, (detail 화살표)
L 어떻게 적을지 생각하며
- M: main idea
- R 1 - 키워드들
- R 2 - 키워드들
- R 3 - 키워드들
적기 전략 250~300 word 억지 긴거 줄이기, 정확도가 중요
- 리스닝 끝나고 적을 거리 대충 생각해둬야 각 문단
- 의견들어가면 안되고 중립적으로 think like a reporter without any outside information, Listening 단어는 그대로 써도댐
- 2분 memo detail 추가 4분(20) 4분(60) 4분(60) 4분(60) 최소 2분 훑어가며 mistake 체크
서론
In the reading passage, the author discusses ~ , suggesting three ~ that ~
- (introduces, proposes suggests) three reasons why ~ (evidence, behavior, capital, information, staff 셀수없는 명사임 그래서 셀려면 three pieces of evidence why ~, three kinds of behavior 라고 적어야 three theories how, 셀수없는 명사랑 쓸 수 없는 several 같은 애들 있다
- However, the lecturer insists that none of the evidence is convincing and provides counterarguments for each case. (none of the theories are)
본론
You should have more information from the listening passage then the reading. As a general rule, include one sentence from the reading and two from the listening in each paragraph.
- 원론
- The first piece of evidence suggests that / The first theory from the reading shows that
- According to the writer,
- Finally, the author (notes, says, presents, claims, states, suggests, propose) p3 s3 cni
- 반론 제시 - 주체 명시 on the other hand, However, Yet, Nevertheless, In contrast, Nonetheless, conversely (not probable, prominent, weakness, convincing), On the contrary
- professor/lecture/speaker/lecturer/author/writer/reading passage/text/article/listening passage중요한건 동사매치
- counters the insistence (강하게 주장하는 것 자체) by that, disputes that, refutes that, contends that, rebut the claim with that ~, disproves the claim by showing that, assert, argue (이중부정은 어색하니 조심)
- opinion, points, arguments, approach, view, perspective, from a ~ standpoint, attitude, belief, position, counterpart, counterexample, assertion, counterargument, claim, counterintuitive, viewpoint
- casts doubt on the claim that, invalidates the assertion that ~
- (c3 r2 d2 a2 i)
- , ~ like < such as , as
- (points out that, several examples illustrate his point clearly, the lecture illustrates that, assert, argues, believes there are flaws in the author's position) that {{important evidence}}
- thereby ~ 분사, thus ~ 분사, whereby 결과 효과 분사 구문 (whereby 방법강조, thereby 결과강조)
- so, hence, and thus, consequently, subsequently(문장 중간)
- therefore, accordingly, as a results, for this reason (문장 첫)
- In terms of, From the perspective of, in the sense of, in regard to ,with respect to
- tps r2
- Listening 세부사항 2~3 - 사실은 주체 명시 x, 사이에 접속어
- Moreover, Specifically, Furthermore, Additionally, To support that, On top of that, Also, In addition, Similarly, In the same manner, in the same way
- 교수 주장 whereas while though although 글 주장
- ~ May not always be the case, May not always be plausible, May not be true, May not always lead to
- since, as, due to, because, given that, in light of (the fact that~), as a result of, on account of, because of
- (의견 들어가지 않는 정리문장)
- (결론문장 써주기 부정문으로) subsequently Indeed In fact he explains/describes that, He feels that, He goes on to say that ~ not, Therefore, Ultimately accordingly
(결론)
- From the discussion, it is evident that the author and the lecturer hold markedly different perspectives on (how ~ why ~.
- As you can see, the author and the lecturer hold very different views on ( how ~ why ~
- (These reasons oppose the reading that {{reading point}})
- (These facts prove the reading wrong on the point that {{reading point}})
- (These states counter the reading passage’s claim that {{reading point}})
- 원론
- 반론
- 예시
- 추가
- 결론
TOEFL Integrated Writing Template



TOEFL Writing Academic Discussion
시간없으니 진짜 생각나는 대로 막 적어야함
- 1문단 길게 ~ 150 (EXACTLY what the question is asking)
- 이름’s point, 2분 2분 2분 2분 나누고 마지막 2분 검토
- 어차피 적을 건 많으니, 읽으면서 구조짜지 말고 바로 적으면 된다 시간없어 (적어도 키워드만)
- Open-ended question 에는 두개중 선택 아님 (Write a post responding)
Template
Start by mentioning which of the two students you agree with.
- To begin with, I share 이름’s perspective that ~ (with 두번 어색?)
Develop your response by adding your ideas and thoughts on top of that student’s opinion.
Comparing your ideas with the opposing opinion.
간접적보단 직접적이고 간단한 이유 to support that, 일반적인 근거 하나
- On top of that, Also, (예시 들거 먼저 생각하고 구체화) to support that, to be specific, specifically
- 접속어 풍부하게, 예시 한개 풍부하게 여러개보다, 흑백논리처럼 명쾌하게 (2파트로 문장 나눠서 앞뒤 as, as to which ~)
- 논리 문장끼리 쭉쭉 이어나가기. 문장사이 방금문장 paraphrasing 해서 재언급 많이 하며 연결
- alternative, method, way, approach | reason cause why evidence | argumentation element
- Moreover, Specifically, Furthermore, Additionally, To support that, On top of that, Also, In addition, Similarly, In the same manner, in the same way
Justifying your stance to reinforce the importance of your argument.
- This view is crucial because it highlights ~ and demonstrates that ~
Ending your response by summarizing your opinion.
- In conclusion, I align with John and I believe (that) ~ 핵심” (primarily because A and B)
- Therefore, to sum up, So, Thus, In conclusion ,To conclude, Consequently, Overall
문장들 흐름
- 시작 To begin with, I share ~’s standpoint that ~
- 반박 First of all, Sarah insists that ~, but she overlooks the fact that
- 강조 this perspective is crucial since it highlights ~ and demonstrates that ~
- 의견 Also | On top of that, ~ offers more ~ and ~ which are essential for (in terms of)
- 추가 Furthermore, specifically (cause, leads to, incur, results in ) ~ (hence, although) ~
- 예시 For example, I remember when (과장: excessively, essential)
- 마무리 In conclusion, I align with John’s viewpoint and I believe (that) ~
공부법
- 최신 풀이법 읽기
- 문제 풀기
- 그래머리에서 고치기
- 모범답안 보고 분석
- 풀이법 업데이트
Not only does it ~ , but also ~
Search synonym
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz1WCtJrfjM

Expressions
토플 라이팅 TOEFL Writing 28점 받은 템플릿, 영어 표현 PDF 파일 공유!
안녕하세요! 제가 예전에도 토플 라이팅 템플릿을 공유해드렸는데요, 조금 더 업그레이드 된 템플릿을 또 ...
https://m.blog.naver.com/yensblog/222144769442

Seonglae Cho
