Seonglae ChoAbsolute vs. Relative Optimization:
- Absolute Optimization (Utilitarianism): Maximizing benefits for everyone.
- Relative Optimization (Nash equilibrium): Maximizing individual benefits while maintaining balance with others.
- Price of Anarchy: The degree to which individual selfishness hinders overall social optimization.
- Braess Paradox: When excluding the fact that wrong choices (e.g., adding a specific path) can disrupt equilibrium, utilitarianism and Nash equilibrium can achieve the same ideal results.
Complex System Fields
Complex vs. Complicated
- Complicated: Structural and predictable systems with repeatable solutions
- Complex: Unique and unpredictable systems requiring adaptive and innovative approaches
Properties
- Emergent Behavior: Impossible to predict overall behavior from individual components alone
- Delayed Consequence: Effects of actions appear later rather than immediately
- Local vs. Global Optimization: Local optimization can negatively impact the whole system
- Hysteresis: System continues to be influenced by past states even after they're gone
- Nonlinearity: Small changes can cause large ripple effects or sudden boundary shifts
Working on Complex Systems: What I Learned Working at Google
This is why recognizing whether a system is complicated or complex is so important: it shapes how we should approach problem-solving.
https://www.thecoder.cafe/p/complex-systems
Complex system - Wikipedia
A complex system is a system composed of many components which may interact with each other. Examples of complex systems are Earth's global climate, organisms, the human brain, infrastructure such as power grid, transportation or communication systems, complex software and electronic systems, social and economic organizations (like cities), an ecosystem, a living cell, and ultimately the entire universe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_system
Which layer otf reality is relevant to?
Do You Have a Free Will?
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You may think you have free will and can choose what you do, but this might be an illusion. Your body is made up of particles that
blindly follow the laws of physics, with every outcome already predetermined. So, you might not have any free will at all.
Is free will an illusion, or does it exist? Which philosophical camp is right?
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