Paillier

Currently, some specialized applications (encrypted analytics, certain ML inference, etc.) have become feasible, and if this trend continues, "transmission-storage-use" full-cycle encryption (Full-Privacy Computing) could become a reality. This has the potential to weaken data collection-based business models, and just as HTTPS became standard, we may see an "FHE by default" era in the future. Paillier (Partially Homomorphic Encryption) provides intuition as an example of partially homomorphic encryption supporting only addition, while full homomorphism is achieved through unlimited addition, multiplication, and bootstrapping. Conclusion: If the performance curve maintains its trajectory, most cloud computations could potentially transition to operating on encrypted data.