Bin packing problem

The bin packing problem[1][2][3][4] is an optimization problem, in which items of different sizes must be packed into a finite number of bins or containers, each of a fixed given capacity, in a way that minimizes the number of bins used. The problem has many applications, such as filling up containers, loading trucks with weight capacity constraints, creating file backups in media, and technology mapping in FPGA semiconductor chip design.