Reductionism
Efficient, but it fails to fundamentally account for emergent phenomena.
One of the key paradoxes in critiques of reductionism is that even emergentism or holism, if it is to be defined in language, must still involve:
- conceptual decomposition
- categorization
- causal explanation
And that, in itself, is already a kind of reductionistic operation.
Meta-point: even anti-reductionism ultimately can’t escape reductionistic linguistic structures.

Seonglae Cho