에너지 밀도와 공간 부피와의 관계 Equation of state (cosmology)In cosmology, the equation of state of a perfect fluid is characterized by a dimensionless number w {\displaystyle w} , equal to the ratio of its pressure p {\displaystyle p} to its energy density ρ {\displaystyle \rho } :https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_state_(cosmology)